VARIABILITY OF WINTER DURUM WHEAT CULTIVARS RESISTANCE TO SNOW MOLD AND GRAIN YIELD ADAPTABILITY

Article language

українська

Print date

24.04.2026

Date posted online

29.05.2026

Institution

Yuriev Plant Production Institute of NAAS

Bibliography

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Section

SOURCES AND DONORS

Abstract

Aim. To determine the variability of winter durum wheat resistance to Microdochium nivale, to evaluate its impact on yield adaptability, and to identify stress-tolerant genotypes adapted to the variable growing conditions of the eastern part of the Ukrainian Forest-Steppe.

Results and Discussion. Based on the evaluation and analysis of variational series of winter durum wheat cultivars for tolerance to the snow mold pathogen, stress-tolerant genotypes characterized by high and stable resistance to M. nivale (ranging from 7.7 to 8.8 points) were identified, namely: ‘Shliakhetnyi’, ‘Hranatovyi’, and ‘Prestyzhnyi’ (Ukraine). According to the linear regression coefficient, the plasticity (b_i) of the studied winter durum wheat accessions by yield varied from 0.12 to 2.02. Among the winter durum wheat cultivars, sources of high yield capacity were identified (143–191% compared to the check cultivar), namely: ‘Prestyzhnyi’, ‘Blyskuchyi’, ‘Hranatovyi’, and ‘Shliakhetnyi’ (Ukraine); the check cultivar, ‘Kontynent’ (Ukraine), yielded 2.09 t/ha. Higher stability, as measured by the standard deviation of yield, was intrinsic to ‘Hranatovyi’ (SD = 0.22), ‘Blyskuchyi’ (SD = 0.28), ‘MIP Lakomka’ (SD = 0.35), ‘Koralovyi’ (SD = 0.54), and ‘Prestyzhnyi’ (SD = 0.56), with the check cultivar (‘Kontynent’) showing SD = 0.67 (Ukraine). Seven cultivars were classified as the most stable genotypes, whose Yield Stability Index (YSI) exceeded the median (0.57): ‘Hranatovyi’ – 0.88, ‘Blyskuchyi’ – 0.84, ‘Shliakhetnyi’, ‘MIP Lakomka’ – 0.77, ‘Prestyzhnyi’ – 0.71, ‘Almaznyi’ – 0.64, and ‘Koralovyi’ – 0.62.

Conclusions. Three highly plastic and high-yielding (116% relative to the check cultivar) cultivars were identified: ‘Kryshtalevyi’ (b_i = 1.44), ‘Dniprianka’ (b_i = 1.07) (Ukraine), and ‘Lupidur’ (b_i = 1.74) (Austria). Genotypes with low sensitivity to changing environmental conditions and yields ranging from 124% to 191% relative to the check cultivar were distinguished: ‘Hranatovyi’ (b_i = 0.12), ‘MIP Lakomka’ (b_i = 0.31), ‘Blyskuchyi’ (b_i = 0.34), ‘Nadiinyi’ (b_i = 0.69), ‘Prestyzhnyi’ (b_i = 0.82), ‘Shliakhetnyi’ (b_i = 0.84), and ‘Almaznyi’ (b_i = 0.99) (Ukraine). It was demonstrated that in these winter durum wheat cultivars, resistance to the snow mold pathogen is strongly and negatively correlated with the linear regression coefficient (r = –0.87) and standard deviation (r = –0.91). The variability (CV) of resistance to M. nivale was found to show a strong positive correlation with the linear regression coefficient (r = 0.77, p < 0.01) and the standard deviation of yield (r = 0.81, p < 0.01).

Keywords

winter durum wheat, snow mold, adaptability, phytopathogen, tolerance, stability, cultivar, grain yield