GENETIC DIVERSITY OF WINTER BREAD WHEAT ACCESSIONS IN TRAIT COLLECTION FOR RESISTANCE TO PATHOGENS

Article language

українська

Print date

11.09.25

Date posted online

11.11.2025

Institution

Yuriev Plant Production Institute of NAAS

Bibliography

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Section

SOURCES AND DONORS

Abstract

Aim. To evaluate the resistance of winter bread wheat accessions to common disease agents, to identify new sources and references with various levels of the trait expression, and to determine genotypes with high breeding value in terms of yield and group resistance to limiting effects of biotic factors.

Results and Discussion. New sources and references exhibiting various levels of valuable economic traits were identified, and a trait collection of winter bread wheat for resistance to disease agents was formed (Certificate No. 348 dated 08/05/2025). This collection includes 75 accessions from 13 countries and reflects their genetic diversity across 22 traits and 103 levels of their expression. The collection encompasses a set of valuable economic traits, including resistance to pathogens, number of kernels per spike, weight of kernels per spike, thousand-kernel weight, yield, etc. As to quantities, domestic accessions (50) make up the majority in the formed collection. By biological status, 69 accessions are cultivars and six are breeding lines (all of which belong to the same botanical species – Triticum aestivum L.) that  represent six varieties (erythrospermum, lutescens, graecum, albirubrum, nigraristatum, and ferrugineum). New references for high resistance levels to common pathogens were identified, specifically cvs. 'Melashka' and 'Malusha' (Ukraine) are resistant to snow mold; cvs. 'Krasa Laniv' and 'Liryka Bilotserkivska' (Ukraine) – to powdery mildew; cvs. 'Dyvo' and 'Arktis'  (Ukraine) – to Septoria leaf blotch; cvs. 'Melashka' and 'Hratsiia 'Bilotserkivska' – to Pyrenophora spot blotch; cvs. 'Metelytsia Kharkivska' and 'Fortetsia' (Ukraine) –  to brown leaf rust; and cvs. 'Krasa Laniv and 'Fito 269-13' (Ukraine) –  to covered smut.

Conclusions. Four domestic genotypes with the highest breeding value for group resistance to common disease agents and high yield (122%–141% related to the check culltivar) were identified, viz cvs. 'Malusha', 'Hiuzel', 'Zoreslava', 'Obrana', 'Shakhivka', and 'Mazurok'. Genotypes characterized by high frost tolerance (7 points, critical freezing temperature -17.0°C) and resistance to common phytopathogens were selected: cvs. 'Malusha', 'Melashka', 'Maliovanka', 'Zoreslava', 'Svitiazʹ, 'Mazurok', 'Liryka Bilotserkivska', and 'Shakhivka'. This collection of winter bread wheat for disease resistance is a basis for creating new high-yielding cultivars with group resistance to common phytopathogens.

Keywords

collection, winter bread wheat, phytopathogen, genotype, starting material, yield, reference, cultivar