SYSTEMATIZATION OF MELON (CUCUMIS MELO L.) GENETIC DIVERSITY COLLECTION BY SET OF TRAITS

Article language

українська

Print date

11.07.2025

Date posted online

12.07.2025

Institution

Dnipropetrovsk Experimental Station of Institute of Vegetable and Melon Growing of NAAS

Bibliography

REFERENCES

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Section

COLLECTION FORMATION AND USE

Abstract

Goal. To investigate the differences in expression of identification and economic parameters in the melon gene pool, to form a trait collection of melons based on a combination of traits.

Results and Discussion. In the general sample of the trait collection, the variability of melon identification characteristics was analyzed and degrees of variations of morphological features of the leaf blade, petiole, young and ripe fruits were determined. Based on the results of the morpho-biological evaluation of plants, 51 reference varieties were selected for 37 informative identification characteristics and 112 levels of their expression. Among 22 accessions, breeding-valuable genes for morphological traits (L, ri, w, W) were identified.Evaluation of the genetic diversity of melon for major economically valuable traits allowed for selection of 11 sources of early ripeness (59–63 days), 19 sources of high productivity (1.80–2.32 kg/plant), 7 sources of large fruits (1.10–1.47 kg), 10 sources of polycarpy (2.5–3.3 fruits), and 8 sources of high content of dry soluble matter (9.0–9.2%). Studying the trait collection of melons, we distinguished a valuable accession ‘Samarska’, which was noticeable for a combination of high productivity (0.92 kg/plant), mean fruit weight (1.47 kg), early ripeness (69 days), and medium content of soluble dry matter (8.6%). This valuable melon accession was transferred for scientific and technical examination and registration in the National Center for Plant Genetic Resources of Ukraine. It is supposed to be used in the breeding of early-ripening, high-yielding varieties and heterotic hybrids.

Conclusions. The results of an eight-year study of the genetic diversity of melon have been summarized; on their basis, the trait collection has been formed by the set of the main economically valuable and informative identification characteristics (registration certificate No. 328 dated 01/23/2024). The introduction of the trait collection in breeding will allow for acceleration of initial form creation by 2–3 years. Having assessed relationships between the economic characteristics, we have identified 55 sources of early ripeness, high productivity and quality of fresh produce. Large-fruited and highly productive melon accession ‘Samarska’ has been submitted for registration.

Keywords