ONE HUNDRED YEARS OF INSPIRED RESEARCH AND ACHIEVEMENTS IN SUGAR BEET BREEDING

Article language

українська

Print date

22.12.2022

Date posted online

14.05.2023

Institution

Institute of Bioenergy Crops and Sugar Beet of NAAS

Bibliography

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Section

ANNIVERSARIES

Abstract

The long way of development and use of the genetic diversity of the beet gene pool over a hundred years has been analysed. Based on the analysis of trends in the development of domestic and foreign breeding, the main directions of sugar beet breeding for the future has been outlined. The history of domestic breedinghas been divided into the following periods: from multi-germ and mono-germ varieties to selection for heterosis; from the use of polyploidy to the creation of the new generation of high-yielding hybrids based on cytoplasmic male sterility. The research was conducted with the most productive sugar, fodder, and wild species of beets, and the offspring enriched with new sources of valuable economic and biological traits and were selected are used in the selection and research. Genotypes with sterility-maintaining ability, separate fruits and other valuable traits are being looking for in the populations of beet varieties, which are used in the development of CMS beet hybrids. Conventional and innovative methods of obtaining breeding genotypes (sources, donors), hybrids and promising breeding developments were characterised, the productivity potential of the latest generation of sugar beet hybrids yielding 10−11 t/ha have been presented. Scientists of the institute work on the development of new sources and donors of sugarfeedstock, introducing new varieties, improving varietal composition and methods of reproduction, increasing production of sugar (alcohol) of bio-feedstock in order to reduce the country's energy dependence and improve the ecological state of the environment.

Keywords

gene pool, collections, samples, lines, sources, hybrids, varieties