GRAPE CULTIVARS ' SULTANINA' AND 'KISHMISH CHORNYI' – DONORS OF SEEDLESSNESS

Article language

українська

Print date

11.09.25

Date posted online

11.11.2025

Institution

National Scientific Center "V.E. Tairov Institute of Viticulture and Winemaking " of NAAS

Bibliography

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Section

SOURCES AND DONORS

Abstract

Aim. To confirm the inheritance of the "seedlessness" trait from seedless cultivars 'Sultanina' and 'Kishmish Chornyi' and to identify the best genotypes among 14 seedless experimental cultivars in terms of expression of economically valuable traits.

Results and Discussion. Within the breeding program "Kishmish of Ukraine", the search for cultivars - sources and donors of breeding-valuable traits, in particular the "seedlessness" trait, was continued. The article highlights economic characteristics of 14 seedless grape cultivars from the collection of the NSC "V.E. Tairov Institute of Viticulture and Winemaking". Their origin was analyzed and it was proven that they all originated from seedless cultivars 'Sultanina' or 'Kishmish Chornyi'. These cultivars are better than most of the others by expression of the  "yield", "bunch weight", "berry weight", "seedlessness class"traits, etc. In the epiphytotic vegetation period of 2021, cultivars of interspecific origin with a strong expression of the “pathogen resistance” trait and intraspecific Vitis vinifera cultivars with a medium or high resistance to diseases were identified. The assortment of cultivars - donors and sources of valuable breeding traits has been enriched with seedless cultivars 'Attika' and 'Princess' - large-berried, disease-resistant cultivars with high values of economic characteristics.

Conclusions. The origins of 14 seedless cultivars from the collection of the the NSC "V.E. Tairov Institute of Viticulture and Winemaking" were analyzed. It was found that all of them had cultivars 'Sultanina' and Kishmish Chornyi' in their ancestories, which determine the  “seedlessness” trait expression. Cultivars with a complete absence of seeds and large berries of 5-6 grams are of particular value. High-quality Vitis vinifera cultivars with a resistance  score to pathogens of ³6 points on a 9-point scale was also identified. The database of cultivars - donors and sources of valuable traits was enriched with cultivars with a set of economically valuable traits - large berries, medium or high resistance to pathogens, yield of ³10 t/ha, etc. These are seedless cultivars 'Attika' and 'Princess' , which are already used in the “Kishmish of Ukraine” breeding program to create Ukrainian seedless cultivars.

Keywords