FEATURES OF PRODUCTIVITY FORMATION BY BUCKWHEAT (FAGOPYRUM ESCULENTUM MOENCH.) ACCESSIONS

Article language

українська

Print date

11.09.25

Date posted online

11.11.2025

Institution

Ustymivka Experimental Station of Plant Production of Yuriev Plant Production Institute NAAS

Bibliography

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Section

SOURCES AND DONORS

Abstract

Aim. To determine peculiarities of the productivity formation by (domestic and foreign) cultivar resources through identifying its dependence on plant parameters in materials of different origins under contrasting environmental conditions and to assess the influence of different plant characteristics on productivity under fluctuations of weather factors (temperature, precipitation and air humidity).

Results and Discussion. The article presents the results on the productivity of common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench.) determined at Ustymivka Experimental Station of Plant Production of Yuriev Plant Production Institute NAAS (southern part of the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine) in 2021–2024. The variability of morphological and technological traits and characteristics was analyzed for plants with different growth types and, in general, for modern cultivars of different eco-geographical origins. The influence of these traits and characteristics on the plant productivity was evaluated. The data provide a full analysis of the research group (indeterminate and determinant forms), indicating both the significant diversity of the studied material and the specificity of genotypes’ responses to changes in environmental factors. Inflorescence productivity significantly affected plant productivity (r=0.71), while growing season length (r=−0.41), the number of nodes in the stem branching zone (r=−0.31), and seed size (thousand-seed weight) (r = 0.32) had medium effects on productivity.

Conclusions. A set of marker traits and characteristics identified in contrasting weather conditions of the years of research was developed and proposed for use in breeding practice. As traits for comparing the test materials, in addition to plant productivity, growing period length, plant height, height of the lowest inflorescence attachment, the numbers of inflorescences and first-order branches, the number of nodes in the stem branching zone, and seed size (thousand-seed weight) were used.

Keywords

buckwheat, productivity, weight of 1000 buckwheat grains, plant height, branching, growing season, correlation, weather conditions