CHARACTERIZATION OF NEW GLABROUS SOYBEAN LINES

Article language

українська

Print date

11.07.2025

Date posted online

12.07.2025

Institution

Poltava State Agrarian University

Bibliography

REFERENCES

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Section

SOURCES AND DONORS

Abstract

Goal. To create new valuable glabrous soybean lines.

Results and Discussion. A collection of soybean accessions, which includes 35 glabrous forms created by hybridization, has been formed. They differ in morphological characteristics. Thus, the stem length (60%) was 71-90 cm in 21 accessions; in nine lines (26%), it was 91-110 cm; in 3 accessions (8%), stems were 111-130 cm long; and in one accessions (3%), stems were 131-150 cm long. The number of nodes on the primary stem was 12.1-14.0 nodes in four lines (11%); in nine lines (26%), there were 14.1-16.0 nodes on the primary stem; in eight lines (23%), there were 16.1-18.0 nodes; in eight lines (23%), there were 18.1-20.0 nodes; and 5 accessions (14%) had >20 nodes on their primary stems. Flowers are white in 4 representatives (11%) of the collection; in 12 accessions (34%), they are purple; and 19 accessions (55%) have violet flowers. The main color of seeds in 57% of this sample (20 accessions) is yellow; in 6 accessions (17%), seeds are black; in 4 accessions (11%), they are yellow-green; in 3 accessions (9%), they are light brown; and 2 accessions (6%) have brown seeds. The hilum is in the same color as the seed coat in 18 accessions (51%); it is brown in 11 accessions (31%); 3 genotypes (9%) have black hila; the hilum is brown with an eye in 1 accession (3%); it is black with an eye in 1 accession (3%); and 1 accession (3%) has gray hila. The hilum is straight in 83% of the sample (29 accessions); in 5 acessions (14%), hila are oval; and 1 accession (3%) has wedge-shaped hila. In 74% (26 accessions) of the collection, the hilum has no eye, and 9 specimens (26%) have hila with eyes. The growing period lasts 90-100 days in 2 accessions, 101-110 days in 4 accessions, 111-120 days in 8 accessions, and 121-130 days in 21 accessions. All new lines are highly tolerant to drought and resistant to lodging and pod cracking.

Conclusions. The sources of valuable economic traits have been identified: high attachment of the lowest pod (>20 cm) – L16 and L26; long stems (>110 cm) – L4, L5, L6, and L26; a lot of productive nodes (>20) on the primary stem – L4, L5, L25, L26, and L34; great thousand-seed weight (>220 g) – L26, L32, and cv. ‘Cobra’; high seed weight per plant (>135% related to the check cultivar) – L6, L7, L15, and L34; large number of seeds per plant (>135% related to the check cultivar) – L6, L7, L13, L14, L15, L24, and L34; large number of pods per plant (>135 % related to the check cultivar) – L6, L7, L13, L14, L15, L24; L34, and L35; lines with a set of valuable traits – L6, L7, L15, L26, and L34.

Keywords

soybean, glabrousness, collection accessions, sources of traits, performance