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INHERITANCE OF PERFORMANCE AND ITS STRUCTURAL COMPONENTS IN F1 SPRING BARLEY HYBRIDS

INHERITANCE OF PERFORMANCE AND ITS STRUCTURAL COMPONENTS IN F1 SPRING BARLEY HYBRIDS

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Date posted online

23.12.2017

Institution

Plant Production Institute nd. a VYa Yuriev NAAS

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Abstract

Goal. To determine inheritance by dominance degree of the traits of “plant performance” and its structural components in F1 hybrids from diallel crossings of spring barley varieties, depending on their genotypes and year conditions.

Materials and Methods. Eleven spring barley varieties (Vzirets, Dzherelo, Zvershennia, Badioryi, Etiket, Maliovnychyi, Pasadena, Tolar, Hranal, Modern and Vitrazh) and 55 F1 hybrids from diallel crossings of these varieties were taken as starting material for the research.

Results and Discussion. Over the research years, the “plant performance” trait was mainly inherited by intermediate inheritance. In general, intermediate inheritance of this trait was noted in 76%, 78% and 73% of cases for all the 55 spring barley hybrids in 2014, 2015 and 2016, respectively, which indicates predominance of additive gene effects in these varieties. Positive dominance (0.5 <h ≤ 1) for this trait was recorded for individual hybrid combinations during the research years:  in 20%, 16% and 12% of cases in 2014, 2015 and 2016, respectively. Overdominance was obderved in 4%, 6% and 11% of cases, respectively. Only in 2016, negative dominance was recorded for performance in combinations Hranal × Pasadena and Tolar × Maliovnychyi (4%), i.e. hybrids from these crossings showed lower performance than their parent. Productive tillering capacity, like performance, was mainly inherited by intermediate inheritance (in 2014 - in 87% of cases; in 2015 – in 78%; and in 2016 – in 89%). Only in some combinations positive dominance (2% of cases in 2014 and 5% in 2015), negative dominance (2% in 2014 and 2% in 2016), and negative overdominance (2% in 2015) were noted. In 2014-2016, the traits of “1000-grain weight” and “the grain number per spike” were inherited by intermediate inheritance (100% of cases) in all F1 hybrids.

Conclusions. In 2014-2016, direct diallel crossings revealed different types of inheritance of performance and its structural components in F1 hybrids in terms of dominance degree (h). Intermediate dominance was the most frequent upon efficient selection by phenotype. 

Keywords

spring barley, variety, quantitative trait, diallel crossings, inheritance (h), additive and non-additive effects of genes