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SOURCES OF RESISTANCE TO FUSARIUM WILT AMONG DIFFERENT CALLISTEPHUS CHINENSIS (L.) NEES VARIETIES

Article language

Українська

Print date

18.06.20

Date posted online

21.10.2020

Institution

Institute of Horticulture of NAAS

Bibliography

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Section

SOURCES AND DONORS

Abstract

Aim. To clarify the biological characteristics of some Chinese calistephus cultivars, to identify sources of resistance to Fusarium wilt in the Kyivska oblast.

Results and Discussion. The Chinese calistephus gene pool collection of the Institute of Horticulture NAAS (IH), which includes 104 accessions belonging to 33 varieties, was the test material. Evaluation of the collection gene pool showed that 65 Chinese calistephus accessions were almost not affected by Fusarium. Thirty-one cultivars were weakly affected by this pathogen; five cultivars were severely affected; three cultivars - very strongly. Most of the resistant industrial cultivars are intended as cut plants (bouquets). The infestation level in the collection Chinese calistefus cultivars, differing in decorativeness, was assessed. It was found that 65 collection cultivars (62.5%) were very highly resistant. In 47 cultivars (37.5%) of the entire collection, Fusarium-induced damage varied 3 to 30%. However, there are high-quality cultivars (in terms of their ornamental characteristics) where 7-53% plants die because of Fusarium annually. Highly resistant to Fusarium cultivars are also referred to the folowing varieties: Printsessa, Khudozhestvennaya, Troiandopodibna, and others. Analyzing the Calistefus seed productivity, we can see that the average seed productivity per plant (g/bush) of Fusarium-susceptible cultivars is always lower than that of resistant cultivars belonging to the same variety.

Conclusion. It was found that 65 accessions (62.5% of the total number of the collection accessions) were sources of resistance to Fusarium wilt. These include IH-bred cultivars: Mashenka, Letnyaya Noch, Tsarevna, Sofiya, Yantarnaya, Krasunia, Shokoladka, Flamingo, Mriya, and others. Forty-seven highly decorative cultivars (95-99 points), i.e. 45.2% of the entire collection, showed 3 - 30% Fusarium-induced damage. It was revealed that the average seed productivity per plant (g/bush) of Fusarium-susceptible cultivars was always lower than that of cultivars which are resistant to this pathogen. It was proven that the longer the anthesis, the more frequently plants got affected by Fusarium.

Keywords

Chinese calistefus, accessions, variety, collection, cultivar, Fusarium wilt, source of resistance, seed productivity