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BREAD WHEAT SEED STORAGE UNDER CONTROLLED CONDITIONS

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Date posted online

13.06.2017

Institution

Plant Production Institute nd. a. V.Ya. Yuriev of NAAS

Bibliography

Section

PLANT GENETIC RESOURCES CONSERVATION

Abstract

Goal. To define optimal conditions for storage of bread wheat seeds of several varieties after reproduction at some research institutions of Ukraine in different years. The seed accessions were stored under controlled conditions in the National Depository for 15 years.

Results and Discussion. The seed germinability of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties was monitored: 67 accessions of lutescens, 49 accessions of erithrospermum and several accessions of graecum, ferrugineum, milturum, which were stored with the seed moisture content of 5-8% under controlled conditions. Seeds of these accessions were reproduced in the Plant Production Institute nd. a. V.Ya. Yuriev of NAAS  (Eastern Forest-Steppe of Ukraine), Ustymivka Experimental Station for Plant Production of Plant Production Institute nd. a. V.Ya. Yuriev of NAAS (Southern Forest-steppe of Ukraine), V. M. Remeslo Myronivka Institute of Wheat. (Central Forest-Steppe of Ukraine), Breeding and Genetics Institute (South-Western Steppe of Ukraine). It has been established that storage of spring wheat seeds (with the seed moisture content of 6-7 %) grown in the Eastern Forest-Steppe of Ukraine in hermetic containers allows maintaining the initial seed germinability for up to 9 years without significant changes even at uncontrolled temperature in the storage chamber. There is no advantage in terms of the seed longevity of bread wheat var. lutescens, var. erythrospermum, var. graecum under similar conditions of reproduction and storage. Bread wheat seeds with the seed moisture content of 6-7% grown under more favorable conditions in the southern Forest-Steppe of Ukraine or in favorable years in other regions can maintain their germinability without changes at -20°C for a longer period than seed accessions stored at unregulated temperature.

Conclusions. The seed moisture content of 6-7% is recommended for long-term storage of seed accessions of different bread wheat varieties in the National Depository. The initial seed germinability is expected to be preserved for up to 10 years with this seed moisture content and at unregulated temperature in the Depository. To prolong the period of maintenance of the initial seed germinability, storage at -20°C is recommended.

Keywords

wheat, variety, seeds, gene pool, storage, temperature, moisture, longevity