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RESISTANCE OF DOMESTIC AND FOREIGN BREAD WINTER WHEAT ACCESSIONS TO THE PATHOGEN OF YELLOW RUST, PUCCINIA STRIIFORMIS WEST. F. SP. TRITICI ERIKSS. ET HENN., IN THE SOUTH OF UKRAINE

RESISTANCE OF DOMESTIC AND FOREIGN BREAD WINTER WHEAT ACCESSIONS TO THE PATHOGEN OF YELLOW RUST, PUCCINIA STRIIFORMIS WEST. F. SP. TRITICI ERIKSS. ET HENN., IN THE SOUTH OF UKRAINE

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22.06.2016

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Abstract

Goal. To differentiate bread wheat accessions of Ukrainian and foreign origin by resistance to yellow rust and to identify sources of resistance to this disease.

Results and Discussion. Eighty domestic and foreign bread wheat varieties were immunologically characterized in infectious (yellow rust, Puccinia striiformis West. f. sp. tritici) nursery of the Plant Breeding and Genetics Institute under the conditions of the South-Western Steppes of Ukraine in 2012 – 2013. Varieties with very high immunological resistance (9.0, points, type VR) were distinguished: Otaman, Zmina, Smuglianka, Аkteur, Bunchuk, Dobirna, Kyiv 7, Kyiv 8, Kolos Mironinvschyny, Lada, Lelia, Lybid, Povna, Slaviia, Kharus, Lasunia (Ukraine); HSI 430-10, HSI 626-11, HSI 656-10, HSI 667-10, 670/1 HIS-10, HIS 670/2-10 (Germany). No signs of disease were noticed in these varieties.  

The following varieties were highly resistant (8 points. type R): Sokrovischnitsa, Assol, Astet, Volodarka, Kuialnyk, Lastochka, Saskiia, Lar Luganschiny, Antonovka, Artemida, Antara, Kalinovaia, Kiriia, Krasavitsa, Liubava, Favoritka. In 2012, these wheat varieties showed very high immunological resistance (9 points), and in 2013, necrotic spots with very small streaks of urediniopustules and intensity of £ 5 % were observed on leaves.

The following varieties were resistant (7 points, type R): Vasylyna, Vdala, Knopa, Kosovitsa, Remeslyvna, Yatran-60, Albatros Odeskyy, Vdiachnaia, Victoriia Odeska, Bohatyrska, Hordist, Nebokrai, Podiaka, Zolushka, Smena, Vykhovanka Odeska, Polevik, Antara. In 2012, these varieties showed high  immunological resistance (8 points): necrotic spots with very small urediniopustules  with £ 5 % intensity were recorded on leaves, but in 2013, these wheat varieties were immunologically resistant (7 points). There were small and medium-sized streaks of urediniospores with chlorotic and necrotic spots with intensity of £ 10% on leaves.

The following varieties were characterized as moderately resistant (6 points, type MR): Zhaivor, Nakhodka, Sirena, Zemliachka, Zorepad, Oksana, Panna, Povaha, Sputnitsa, Driada 1. In 2012, these varieties were resistant to yellow rust, and in 2013 they were moderately resistant. There were small and medium-sized streaks of urediniospores with chlorotic and necrotic spots with intensity of £ 15% on leaves.

Varieties Zrazkova, Pylypivka, Zymoiarka, Vatazhok, Apogei Luhanskyy, Bohdan were weakly susceptible (5 points, type MR-MS). The intensity of urediniopustules was £ 25 %, possibly with mild necrosis.

Varieties Doskonala, Luganchanka, Snegurochka, Alyy Parus, Gospodynia, Yednist, Zastava, Lytanivka, Pysanka, Selianka, Tsarevna, Apulka, Prima were susceptible (4-3 points, type S). In 2012 – 2013, medium and large rows of urediniopustules with intensity of £ 40 % were observed in these varieties, but in 2013, the intensity of affection was £ 65 %.

Varieties Dolia, Poshana, Tronka were highly susceptible (2 points, type VS). In 2012, these wheat varieties were susceptible; they had large urediniopustules with intensity of £ 65 %, but in 2013, they were characterized as highly susceptible, as urediniopustules merged in continuous streaks with intensity of £ 90 %.

Varieties Belosnezhka, Palianitsa, Luzanovka showed very high susceptibility (1 point, type VS). They had continuous streaks of urediniopustules with intensity of £ 100 %.

Conclusions. Wheat varieties showing resistance that was from very high to moderate are protected against yellow rust; hence, they do not require chemical protection. Highly resistant varieties can be used as sources of resistance for breeding. Susceptible wheat varieties require chemical protection.

Keywords

bread winter wheat, accessions, infectious background, yellow rust, resistance