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LONGEVITY OF MAIZE SEEDS WITH DIFFERENT ENDOSPERM STRUCTURE

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Date posted online

22.06.2016

Institution

Plant Production Institute nd. a. V.Ya. Yuryev of NAAS

Bibliography

Section

PLANT GENETIC RESOURCES CONSERVATION

Abstract

Goal. To compare longevity of seeds of maize lines and hybrids having different endosperm structure in storage conditions; to evaluate genotypic specificity of response to freezing of seeds with low germinability.

Results and Discussion. In a model experiment, the seed longevity of six maize hybrids and parent lines belonging to traditional dent maize and carriers of different endosperm mutations (waxy (wx), ae, su1, se, sh2) was evaluated. Seeds were exposed to accelerated aging, and then a portion of seeds was frozen at –20 ° C to increase germinability (combined regimen). Seeds of  accessions belonging to dent subspecies (Vympel F1 and its male line X 523 ZM♂), carriers of ae mutation (F1 hybrid AE392 / AE800 ), su1 mutation (line MS 401♀) were relatively resistant to accelerated aging. Seeds of lines – carriers of se and sh2 mutations (CE 843♂, SS 386♀ and SS 389♂) were the most susceptible to accelerated aging. We observed a stimulating effect of accelerated aging on the field indexes of simultaneity of seedling emergence and germinability of lines - mutation carriers (se – CE 854♀ and CE 843♂, ae – AE800♂, sh2 – SS 389♂) and a depressing effect on seeds of F1 hybrid SS 386 / SS 389 (sh2 mutation). The influence of the combined regimen on the laboratory parameters of germination energy and germinability, field parameters of simultaneity of seedling emergence and germinability is not associated with any given mutation that controls endosperm structure, but is specific for a certain genotype.

Conclusions. Dent maize seeds (ssp indentata) should be regarded as more long–lived in the storage conditions, se and sh2 mutation carriers as short–lived. Higher longevity of hybrid seeds compared to parent lines under the influence of accelerated aging and combined regimen was recorded for dent accessions (ssp indentata) and ae and su1 mutation carriers.

Keywords

maize, seeds, endosperm mutants, longevity, accelerated aging, freezing, germination energy, simultaneity of seedling emergence, germinability