SPRING BARLEY CULTIVARS FOR FODDER USE AS SOURCES OF VALUABLE TRAITS

Institution

Plant Production Institute nd. a V. Ya. Yuriev of NAAS

Section

Sources and donors

Abstract

protein content as well as the growing season duration and lodging resistance.

Material and Methods. The investigations were carried out in a variety trial nursery in two replicas in the crop rotation fields of the Plant Production Institute nd. a V. Ya. Yuriev of NAAS in 2012-2014. The predecessor was pea for grain. The plot area was 10 m². A planter SSFK-7 was used. The protein content was determined in the Laboratory of Grain Quality of the Plant Production Institute nd. a V. Ya. Yuriev of NAAS. The study material was spring barley cultivars of varieties nutans Schubl. – ‘Dokaz’, ‘Alegro’, ‘Agrariy’ (Ukraine), ‘Ratnik’ (Russia), ‘Іlek 9’, ‘Tulpar’ (Kazakhstan), Mauritia (Germany); submedicum Orl. – ‘Vzirets’ (Ukraine); inerme Koern. – ‘Modern’ (Ukraine); and nudum L. – ‘Golozyornyy 1’ (Russia).

Results and Discussion. The Plant Production Institute nd. a VYa Yuriev NAAS evaluated spring barley in a cultivar trial in terms of economically valuable traits. Cultivars with high yield capacity and valuable parameters of grain, depending on cultivation conditions, were identified. Almost all the test cultivars responded to changes in cultivation conditions, since under favorable conditions they gave high yields (from 4.91 t/ha to 6.62 t/ha in 2014), while under unfavorable conditions this parameter sharply declined (from 2.24 t/ha to 4.63 t/ha in 2012 and from 1.53 to 3.51 t/ha in 2013). Alegro (4.64 t/ha), Modern (4.59 t/ha), and Tulpar (4.51 t/ha) were superior to the national standard Vzirets (4.16 t/ha). Ratnik (54.2 g), Alegro (53.3 g), Dokaz (50.8 g), and Modern (50.0 g) were noticeable for their 1000-grain weigh. Under dry conditions of 2012 and 2013, plants of cultivars were low, that is why lodging resistance was maximal. In favorable 2014, barley plants built large vegetative mass, which caused a partial lodging of plants. Among the test cultivars, lodging resistance was the best in Dokaz (8.8 points), Vzirets (8.8 points), and Modern (8.8 points). The growing season duration is greatly dependent on weather conditions and genetic peculiarities of cultivars. Under dry conditions of 2012 and 2013 at long-lasting high temperatures, the growing season became shorter. The favorable weather conditions of 2014 prolonged the growing season in the test cultivars by approximately 9.1 – 10.7 days. Golozyornyy 1 (15.91%), Ratnik (15.23%), Dokaz (14.68%) and Modern (14.09%) had the highest protein content. Mauritia (61.0 %), Vzirets (59.3 %), Agrariy (57.7 %), Alegro (57.3 %), and Modern (57.3 %) had the highest starch content.

Conclusions. The yield capacity, 1000-grain weight, protein and starch contents as well as the growing season duration and lodging resistance in spring barley cultivars for fodder use are influenced by cultivation conditions of the year and the cultivar genotype. The distinguished cultivars (Alegro, Modern, Ratnik, Tulpar, Dokaz, Modern, Golozyornyy 1) are starting material for spring barley breeding as sources of complex valuable traits.

Keywords

Solonechna O. V. Plant Production Institute nd.